Sitemap

在任何的SEO教程或是文章書籍中，一定都會告訴站長們：想要做好SEO，就要提交網站地圖（Sitemap）給搜索引擎。然後就會丟幾個免費建立網站地圖（Sitemap）的網站，就沒了（似乎也包括我自己）。於是大家就矇著頭，也不知道怎麼做才是對的，每個人都說有提交，但是似乎就是成效看不到，WHY？因為Sitemap不是用程式跑完就好了，這背後也是有策略規劃的。


依內容屬性不同建置不同的Sitemap

Sitemap 其實有很多種類型，只要是符合Sitemap 0.90規範的，都可以稱之為Sitemap 網站地圖，其中常見的有:：
  1. sitemap.xml（最普遍的格式）
  2. 正確編譯的rss.xml或是atom.xml
  3. 純文字檔（urllist.txt）
我先前在上課的時候就常跟同學說：『所謂Sitemap就像是真實的地圖，你到一個陌生的城市，你要嘛就是買個紙本地圖，要嘛就是打開手機或是GPS。但是我們都知道，紙本地圖雖然大體上來說是固定不變的，但是有些新路或是新開的店，這種可能會更新的資訊，還是透過Google Map或是可以更新圖資的GPS會比較妥當一點。』

能夠記住這段話，就是了解到提交Sitemap的主要精神了。所以我們可以知道

不會動的，編成sitemap.xml，會動的，用rss.xml提交

Sitemap 的重要概念 

另外要知道一個概念，Sitemap 的提交主要的目的，是要避免搜索引擎的爬蟲沒有完整的收錄整個網頁的內容，所以提交Sitemap是能夠補足搜索引擎的不足，進而加速網頁的收錄速度，達到搜尋引擎友好的目的。

所以，在建置網站地圖前你必須先區分好網站架構及各頁面的屬性，來決定該怎麼去編制你的網站地圖。大體而言，首先要先將網站的樹狀圖畫出來，將各頁面的重要性（priority）及更新頻率（changefreq）決定好，依此去編寫成基本的Sitemap.xml；然後將可能常更新或是會新增東西的頁面（如：news.php、goods.php），以RSS Feed的格式呈現。在提交時，將兩種格式的Sitemap都進行提交，這樣未來不論新增什麼內容或產品，就都能確保搜索引擎可以透過Sitemap來正確的收錄。

如何寫出正確的Sitemap.xml及rss.xml架構 ，在sitemaps.org中其實已經有告訴你了，我想我在這邊就不累述了。所以如果你是用部落格當做你的官網來用，其實你就直接使用部落格所提供的rss來當做你的網站地圖來提交；其他的CMS，像是WordPress也都有相關套件可以協助自動生成Sitemap並提交；那如果你只是一個商業網站，就編製好你的Sitemap.xml，去做提交吧！

記住，不會動的，編成sitemap.xml，會動的，用rss提交。

實際成效

先前的一個客戶就是苦思於為什麼搜尋效益很差，經過分析發現，除了網址格式的問題之外，另外就是Sitemap策略錯誤的問題。於是就如同前面所言的策略，我請他們將常大量新增的頁面，編成rss格式提交。在經過網址格式的更新以及Sitemap的提交之後，這半年來收錄的成效如下圖：


我相信，到這邊你的Sitemap概念應該跟過去不太一樣了，快去製作你的Sitemap並提交吧！

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